RATIOS OF CELLS RELATING TO INNATE AND ADAPTIVE IMMUNE SYSTEM IN SECONDARY (METASTATIC) AND PRIMARY GLIAL CEREBRAL TUMORS

Lisianyi N.I., Gnedkova I.A., Shmeleva A.A., Vaslovych V.V., Fedirko V.O., Lisianyi A.N., Gnedkova M.A.

• The State Institution Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

Objective: of investigations was to study the content of leukocytes (L), neutrophils (Nph), lymphocytes (Lym) and platelets (Plt) in the peripheral blood (PB) (as indicators of the innate and acquired immune response and systemic inflammation) in patients with primary glial and secondary metastatic cerebral tumors in preoperative and postoperative periods. Object and methods: PB indicators were studied in 56 patients having primary glial (40 glioblastoms, 16 benign cerebral tumors) and 18 secondary metastatic cerebral tumors of different localization. PB values were evaluated on automatic hematologic analyzer MINDRAY BC-3000 plus. Absolute platelet Plt, Nph and Lym counts were determined as well as the ratios of Plt/Lym, Plt/Nph, and percentage ratio of Nph/Lym were established. Results: in patients with glioblastomas and metastatic tumors in the preoperative period in the PB, the absolute content of L and Nf was increased, the absolute content of Lf was reduced, the Tr content was not significantly changed. An increase in the Nf/Lf and Tr/Lf ratios, as well as a decrease in the Tr/Nf ratios, is proportional to the increase in the degree of tumor anaplasia. In the postoperative period in patients with cerebral tumors, indirect indicators of the intensity of inflammatory reactions (leukocytosis, neutrophilia) increase in comparison with the preoperative period, while the content of Lf decreases. Conclusions: in patients with cerebral malignant tumors — primary (glioblastomas) and secondary (metastases) in the preoperative period, the same type and unidirectional changes in PB, more intense with metastases, were established. The revealed changes may indirectly indicate an increase in the activity of inflammatory reactions in proportion to the increase in the degree of anaplasia of the cerebral tumors and the suppression of the reactions of the adaptive immune response. The ratio Tr/Lf can serve as an additional criterion for the degree of malignancy of cerebral tumors. An increase in the indices characterizing the innate immune system, parallel with a decrease in Lf level, may indicate a multidirectional (stimulating or suppressive) effect on the innate and acquired immunity of cerebral malignant tumors (both primary and secondary) and related surgical treatment.